Introduction
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM‑5‑TR) is the most current classification system for mental disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association in 2022. It provides standardized criteria for diagnosing psychiatric conditions, ensuring consistency across clinicians and researchers.

DSM‑5‑TR builds upon DSM‑5 by:

Adding Prolonged Grief Disorder as a new diagnosis.

Updating criteria for more than 70 disorders.

Including ICD‑10‑CM codes for suicidal behavior and nonsuicidal self‑injury.

Revising descriptive text to reflect new research.

Addressing the impact of racism and discrimination on mental health.

1. Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Intellectual Disability: Deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Persistent deficits in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors.

Attention‑Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity across settings.

Communication Disorders: Language disorder, speech sound disorder, childhood‑onset fluency disorder.

Specific Learning Disorder: Difficulties in reading, writing, or math.

Motor Disorders: Developmental coordination disorder, stereotypic movement disorder, tic disorders.

Impact: Early diagnosis guides interventions, improves outcomes, and reduces educational and social challenges.

2. Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
Schizophrenia: Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, negative symptoms.

Schizoaffective Disorder: Symptoms of schizophrenia plus mood episodes.

Brief Psychotic Disorder: Sudden onset of psychotic symptoms lasting 12 months in adults (>6 months in children).

Impact: Differentiating depressive disorders ensures appropriate treatment (antidepressants, CBT, grief therapy).

5. Anxiety Disorders
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Excessive worry for ≥6 months.

Panic Disorder: Recurrent panic attacks with fear of recurrence.

Phobias: Specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, agoraphobia.

Separation Anxiety Disorder: Excessive fear of separation from attachment figures.

Impact: Guides use of CBT, exposure therapy, and pharmacological interventions.

6. Obsessive‑Compulsive and Related Disorders
Obsessive‑Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Preoccupation with perceived flaws.

Hoarding Disorder: Persistent difficulty discarding possessions.

Trichotillomania: Hair‑pulling disorder.

Excoriation Disorder: Skin‑picking disorder.

Impact: Requires specialized behavioral therapy and SSRIs.

7. Trauma‑ and Stressor‑Related Disorders
Post‑Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Re‑experiencing, avoidance, hyperarousal after trauma.

Acute Stress Disorder: Similar to PTSD but lasting <1 month.

Adjustment Disorders: Emotional/behavioral symptoms after stressor.

Reactive Attachment Disorder: Inhibited, withdrawn behavior in children.

Impact: Early intervention reduces chronic impairment; trauma‑focused therapy is key.

8. Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Identity Disorder: Two or more distinct personality states.

Dissociative Amnesia: Inability to recall important personal information.

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder: Experiences of detachment from self or surroundings.

Impact: Requires trauma‑informed care and psychotherapy.

9. Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
Somatic Symptom Disorder: Distressing somatic symptoms with excessive thoughts/behaviors.

Illness Anxiety Disorder: Preoccupation with having a serious illness.

Conversion Disorder: Neurological symptoms incompatible with medical conditions.

Factitious Disorder: Intentional falsification of symptoms.

Impact: Challenges clinicians; requires careful balance of medical and psychological care.

10. Feeding and Eating Disorders
Anorexia Nervosa: Restriction of energy intake, intense fear of weight gain.

Bulimia Nervosa: Binge eating with compensatory behaviors.

Binge‑Eating Disorder: Recurrent binge eating without compensatory behaviors.

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): Limited food intake without body image concerns.

Impact: Requires multidisciplinary care (nutrition, psychotherapy, medical monitoring).

11. Elimination Disorders
Enuresis: Repeated voiding of urine into bed/clothes.

Encopresis: Repeated passage of feces in inappropriate places.

Impact: Common in pediatrics; requires behavioral interventions.

12. Sleep‑Wake Disorders
Insomnia Disorder: Difficulty initiating/maintaining sleep.

Narcolepsy: Irresistible sleep attacks.

Sleep Apnea: Breathing interruptions during sleep.

Circadian Rhythm Sleep‑Wake Disorders: Misalignment of sleep schedule.

Impact: Affects functioning; requires medical and behavioral management.

13. Sexual Dysfunctions
Erectile Disorder

Female Orgasmic Disorder

Premature Ejaculation

Genito‑Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder

Impact: Requires sensitive assessment and therapy.

14. Gender Dysphoria
Distress due to incongruence between experienced gender and assigned sex.

Impact: Requires affirming care, counseling, and sometimes medical interventions.

15. Disruptive, Impulse‑Control, and Conduct Disorders
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Conduct Disorder

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Kleptomania

Pyromania

Impact: Behavioral interventions and family therapy are essential.

16. Substance‑Related and Addictive Disorders
Alcohol Use Disorder

Opioid Use Disorder

Stimulant Use Disorder

Cannabis Use Disorder

Gambling Disorder

Impact: Requires integrated medical, psychological, and social interventions.

17. Neurocognitive Disorders
Delirium: Acute disturbance in attention and awareness.

Major Neurocognitive Disorder (Dementia): Significant decline in cognitive domains.

Mild Neurocognitive Disorder: Modest decline without major impairment.

Impact: Common in aging populations; requires supportive care.

18. Personality Disorders
Cluster A: Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal.
Cluster B: Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic.
Cluster C: Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive‑Compulsive.

Impact: Long‑term psychotherapy is key; often comorbid with other disorders.

19. Paraphilic Disorders
Exhibitionistic Disorder

Voyeuristic Disorder

Frotteuristic Disorder

Sexual Sadism/Masochism Disorders

Pedophilic Disorder

Impact: Requires specialized therapy and sometimes legal involvement.

20. Other Conditions
Suicidal Behavior Disorder (ICD‑10‑CM code).

Nonsuicidal Self‑Injury (ICD‑10‑CM code).

NEED ASSIGNMENT HELP?

We guarantee plagiarism-free and AI-free writing services. Every assignment is crafted with originality, precision, and care to meet your academic needs.

Ready to get started? Place your order directly on this post!

Let us help you achieve excellence—authentic work, every time.