1. Introduction
Survival analysis can be applied to migraine research to evaluate time until events such as recurrence, remission, or treatment response. This approach helps clinicians understand treatment efficacy and patient outcomes over time.

2. Research Context
Event of Interest: Migraine recurrence, remission, or onset of chronic migraine.

Population: Patients diagnosed with episodic or chronic migraine.

Treatment: Pharmacological (e.g., triptans, CGRP inhibitors) or non‑pharmacological (e.g., lifestyle interventions).

3. Study Design
Cohort Study: Follow patients prospectively.

Clinical Trial: Randomized groups receiving different treatments.

Registry Data: Large datasets from headache clinics.

4. Data Preparation
Start Point: Initiation of treatment or diagnosis.

Event: Recurrence of migraine attack, remission, or discontinuation.

Censoring: Patients lost to follow‑up or still migraine‑free at study end.

Covariates: Age, sex, migraine type, comorbidities, medication adherence.

5. Statistical Methods
Kaplan‑Meier Curve: Estimate probability of remaining migraine‑free over time.

Log‑Rank Test: Compare survival between treatment groups.

Cox Regression: Identify predictors of recurrence (e.g., age, gender, treatment type).

6. Example Analysis
A clinical trial follows 150 patients treated with a new CGRP inhibitor. Event defined as recurrence of migraine within 6 months. Kaplan‑Meier curve shows 70% migraine‑free at 3 months, 50% at 6 months. Log‑rank test compares recurrence rates between treatment and placebo groups. Cox regression identifies adherence as a significant predictor.

7. Interpretation
Median Time to Recurrence: Point at which 50% of patients experienced recurrence.

Hazard Ratios: Quantify risk factors (e.g., HR=2.0 means double risk of recurrence).

Clinical Implications: Guides treatment strategies and patient counseling.

8. Challenges
Accurate recording of migraine events.

Patient adherence to diaries or apps.

Handling missing data.

9. Conclusion
Survival analysis in migraine studies provides valuable insights into treatment efficacy and recurrence patterns, supporting evidence‑based care.